Use the top-level ratio 4:3 to find how many jewellery and pottery there are, then break each group down using sub-ratios.
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• Top-level ratio 4:3 means 7 units in total.
• 168 ÷ 7 = 24 per unit.
• Jewellery: 4 × 24 = 96
• Pottery: 3 × 24 = 72
For the jewellery (sub-ratio 7 + 1):
• 8 parts = 12 per part
• handmade: 7 × 12 = 84
• machine-made: 1 × 12 = 12
For the pottery (sub-ratio 5 + 1):
• 6 parts = 12 per part
• handmade: 5 × 12 = 60
• machine-made: 1 × 12 = 12
Total handmade: 84 + 60 = 144.
Check: 96 + 72 = 168 = total (168). ✓
Final Answer: 144